County in Scotland. Sutherland (also Sutherlandshire) is a traditional county in the north of Scotland, bordering on Caithness to the north and both Ross-shire and Cromartyshire to the south. Although it is on the northern coast of Great Britain, the name Sutherland comes from the Vikings' view of it as the "Sudrland", or Southland.
Chambered cairns, standing stones and stone rows, hill forts, settlements, and brochs (round towers) are among the prehistoric remains of Sutherland. Settled by Picts, Scots, and Norsemen, Sutherland and Caithness were held in the first half of the 11th century by Thorfinn, the Norse jarl of Orkney, whose mother was a daughter of the Scottish king Malcolm II. The Norse named the area Suðrland (“Southern Land”) in relation to their settlements in Orkney and Shetland. After conquering the region, William I of Scotland seems to have granted land in Sutherland to a Hugh Freskin.
George Granville Leveson-Gower, who had married Elizabeth (countess of Sutherland in her own right), succeeded his father as marquess of Stafford in 1803 and was named duke of Sutherland . He was responsible for road building and for the notorious “Highland clearances” . Advised that the interior of Sutherland was best suited for sheep raising and little fit for human habitation, he evicted thousands of families, burning their cottages and establishing large sheep farms. The evicted tenants were resettled in small coastal crofts (small tenant farms), where they were forced to depend on fishing and the collection and burning of kelp (a source of potash and iodine). The Highland clearances initiated a pattern of rural depopulation in which economic hardship drove many of the crofters to migrate to the Scottish Lowlands or to Canada, the United States, or Australia.
There are many beautiful places to go, places to stay and places to visit in Sutherland.
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